Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

 

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons

The Covid-19 disease is what is technically referred to as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2. It is a type of severe pneumonia caused by a strain of coronavirus first reported in Wuhan, China in late 2019. Because of favorable host and environmental factors as well as the novel coronavirus’ virulence, it has been able to spread to all corners of the world within months and result in a global pandemic (Zhang et al., 2020).

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Being a totally new virus hitherto unseen in any part of the world affecting humans, it has been painful and costly to adopt the necessary measures and institute the required behavioral changes to help combat its spread. The virus is essentially spread through respiratory droplets of those infected but who are not necessarily showing symptoms.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons. As a matter of fact, it has been established that a person who is infected and who is still in the incubation period can be very infectious even though they do not have any notable symptoms. The natural host for the novel coronavirus has also been identified as the bat. This is the natural zoonotic host the interaction with which it is postulated may have led to the first human infection. For any successful attempts at combating a public health menace such as covid-19, there needs to be adequate and verified information about the causative agent. In the case of the novel coronavirus, this is what has been the biggest challenge since the outbreak of the pandemic. There has been a glaring paucity of knowledge on the disease which has led to a lot of confusion and difficulty in adopting the necessary attitudes and behaviors (The Lancet, 2020). The topic for this paper is therefore the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of persons with regard to the novel coronavirus infection as a public health concern. To understand this, four recent studies have been reviewed to shed light on the above topic. The studies have been discussed according to the theme as follows below.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Epidemiology of Covid-19

Since the breakout of covid-19, more and more has been discovered about its incidence and prevalence as it continued to be taken to all corners of the world. The study that is reviewed here and that addresses this theme of epidemiology is that by Rothan and Byrareddy (2020). This is a review article that not only looks at the epidemiology of the disease, but also its pathogenesis, its symptoms, and its transmission. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

The epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 traces its origin to the wet animal market in Wuhan, China. It is there that the first patients with symptoms of the disease were admitted with what was initially diagnosed as pneumonia of unknown origin. These were the very first patients who most likely were infected through zoonotic transmission. That was in late December of 2019. By December 29, 2019; five patients with symptoms had been hospitalized with one of them dying. By January 2, 2019; the total number of patients with confirmed covid-19 infection was now 41. As at February 16, 2020; the total number of global cases in 25 countries stood at 51,857. To date (October 2020), the infection has recorded a global mortality of 1.11 million people and 39.4 million cases in total. This article is different from the other three articles reviewed in that it did not touch on behavioral matters but sticks to the science behind the spread of the condition.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Public Knowledge Regarding Covid-19 Infection

As has been stated in the introduction, knowledge about Covid-19 has been scarce because it is a new viral infection on which there had been no existing literature. It can be surmised that it is partly because of this lack of sufficient knowledge that the novel coronavirus has managed to spread so fast across the world. To address this theme of knowledge on Covid-19 infection among the public, the study by Lin et al. (2020) is reviewed here. This was a cross-sectional survey carried out on mainland China with a sample of 2,446 respondents through a questionnaire instrument. This is an early study that was carried out between January and February 2020 and it confirmed that there was still considerable ignorance about the infection. The results showed that an overwhelming majority thought that they had a low perceived susceptibility of getting infected with the novel coronavirus (Lin et al., 2020).Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Attitudes on Covid-19 Infection Among the Public

The third study reviewed concerning the theme of attitudes towards covid-19 among the public is that by Hager et al. (2020). This article compares favorably with that of Lin et al. (2020) who also delved into the issue of attitudes in addition to knowledge about the condition. This was a survey of two populous African nations to find out the attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge about the novel coronavirus. The study as in April 2020 and the results showed that the attitude of majority of the respondents (68.9%) towards practicing preventive measures was satisfactory (Hager et al., 2020). Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Behavior Regarding Covid-19 Infection Among Members of the Public

The study by Liu et al. (2020) recruited a total of n=608 respondents to investigate behavior and psychological changes related to Covid-19. They found evidence of depression in 27.1% of the respondents and phobia in 10.1% of the respondents. On behavior, 93.3% of the respondents avoided going to public places. Also, 70.9% of the respondents took the decision to implement three or more measures to prevent infection (Liu et al., 2020). This study was done between January and February 2020. This study is similar to the others except that one by Rothan and Byrareddy (2020).Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Conclusion

The three studies reviewed shed light on important themes regarding Covid-19 as a public health concern. Rothan and Byrareddy (2020) demonstrate that the disease has widely spread to all corners of the world from its original epicentre of Wuhan, China. Lin et al. (2020) show that at the beginning of the pandemic, knowledge about the condition was little compared to now. Hager et al. (2020) on their part showed that attitudes lean towards prevention and self-protection, and Liu et al. (2020) show that individual behavior on Covid-19 prevention is encouraging.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Fall 2020 NURS 389: Literature Review

 

Outline for writing your literature review

Topic: Knowledge, Attitude, and behavior of Community-dwelling individuals related to COVID19

  1. Introduction (without this heading)

Write an introduction paragraph for your review. This paragraph

  1. states the topic and inquiry questions for this review
  2. tells the reader specific information on how many articles you reviewed and how you sorted the articles into common themes based on findings (results).
  3. Body (without this heading)

Before you begin this section, be sure that you have sorted your articles into different themes based on the articles’ findings (sometimes called results). After you sort your articles, it is important to give your sorted groups a descriptive name. The names of the sorted articles will become your headings for each of the paragraphs that you write in the body of your review. The body of your literature review will include the highlighted in yellow topics below,Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

  1. Theme 1 (Epidemiology of COVID19): a paragraph or several paragraphs that describe the first theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.
  2. Theme 2 (Knowledge regarding COVID19 infection among public): a paragraph or several paragraphs that describes the second theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.
  3. Theme 3 (Attitudes regarding COVID19 infection among public): a paragraph or several paragraphs that describes the third theme that you identified and compare, contrast and/or connect the articles you’ve selected.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.
  4. Theme 4 (Behaviors regarding COVID19 infection among public)

3     Summary

This is the last paragraph of your literature review. In this paragraph, it is important to briefly summarize the main findings from the articles that you reviewed and to point out how your inquiry questions were answered or not answered, what the gap is (what if my questions are all answered – you then need to identify new inquiries so that you will contribute to the field)..

  1. References

This is the last pages of your review. It serves as a listing of all references that you mentioned in your paper (both draft 1 and draft 2). Please make sure that only references cited in your drafts will be listed here. Other references that you earlier found/read but not cited will be listed in your bibliography. Please use APA style when completing this list.Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.

Rubric for literature Review

  90-100% 80-89% 70-79% <69%
Introduction

15 points

 The introduction should:

·         define your topic well and provide an appropriate context for reviewing the literature;

·         establish your reasons well – i.e. point of view – forreviewing the literature;

·         explain the organization well – i.e. sequence – of the review;

·         state the scope of the review well– i.e. what is included and what isn’t included. For example say something like: There are a large number of studies on COVID19 in general. However, since the focus of this research is on Knowledge, Attitude, and behavior of Community-dwelling individuals related to COVID19these will not be reviewed in detail and will only be referred to as appropriate.

 

  

·         define your topic satisfactorilyand provide an appropriate context for reviewing the literature;

·         establish your reasons satisfactorily – i.e. point of view – forreviewing the literature;

·         explain the organization satisfactorily – i.e. sequence – of the review;

·         state the scope of the review satisfactorily–i.e. what is included and what isn’t included. For example say something like: There are a large number of studies on COVID19 in general. However, since the focus of this research is on Knowledge, Attitude, and behavior of Community-dwelling individuals related to COVID19 these will not be reviewed in detail and will only be referred to as appropriate.

 

  

·         define your topic less than satisfactorily and provide an appropriate context for reviewing the literature;

·         establish your reasonsless than satisfactorily – i.e. point of view – forreviewing the literature;

·         explain the organizationless than satisfactorily – i.e. sequence – of the review;

·         state the scope of the review less  than satisfactorily– i.e. what is included and what isn’t included. For example say something like: There are a large number of studies on COVID19 in general. However, since the focus of this research is on Knowledge, Attitude, and behavior of Community-dwelling individuals related to COVID19 these will not be reviewed in detail and will only be referred to as appropriate.

·

  

 

 

•         Poorly written
Body

60 points

 The middle or main body should:

·         organize the literature well according to common themes;

·         provideexcellent insight into the relation between your chosen topic and the wider subject area e.g. between COVID19 in general public and COVID19 in medical people.

·         movewell from a general, wider view of the literature being reviewed to the specific focus of your research.

 

  

·         organize the literature satisfactorilyaccording to common themes;

·         providesatisfactory insight into the relation between your chosen topic and the wider subject area e.g. between COVID19 in general public and COVID19 in medical people.

·         movesatisfactorily from a general, wider view of the literature being reviewed to the specific focus of your research.

 

  

·         organize the literature less than satisfactorily according to common themes;

·         provideless than satisfactoryinsight into the relation between your chosen topic and the wider subject area e.g. between COVID19 in general public and COVID19 in medical people.

·         moveless than satisfactorily from a general, wider view of the literature being reviewed to the specific focus of your research.

 

  

•         Poorly written
Summary

15 points

 The conclusion should:

·         summarizewell the important aspects of the existing body of literature;

·         evaluate well  the current state of the literature reviewed;

·         identify well the significant flaws or gaps in existing knowledge;

·         outline well areas for future study;

·         Link well your research to existing knowledge.

·         Work is well presented
in a logical and
coherent way.
Writing is clear,
articulate, and error free. APA
formatting is
complete, with all
required elements
accurately noted.

 ·         summarizesatisfactorilythe important aspects of the existing body of literature;

·         evaluate satisfactorily the current state of the literature reviewed;

·         identify satisfactorily the significant flaws or gaps in existing knowledge;

·         outline satisfactorily areas for future study;

·         Link satisfactorily your research to existing knowledge.

·         Work is satisfactorily presented
in a logical and
coherent way.
Writing is clear,
articulate, and error free. APA
formatting is
complete, with all
required elements
accurately noted.

 ·         summarizeless than satisfactorily the important aspects of the existing body of literature;

·         evaluate less than satisfactorily the current state of the literature reviewed;

·         identify less than satisfactorily the significant flaws or gaps in existing knowledge;

·         outline less than satisfactorily areas for future study;

·         Link less than satisfactorily your research to existing knowledge.

·         Work is less than satisfactorily presented
in a logical and
coherent way.
Writing is clear,
articulate, and error free. APA
formatting is
complete, with all
required elements
accurately noted.

  

 

 

•         Poorly Written
Reference list in APA format and Grammar

10 points

 A  minimum of 6-8 peer articles are referenced/cited and listed A minimum of 4-6 peer reviewed articles are referenced/cited and listed A minimum of 2-4 articles are referenced/cited and listed <2 articlesare referenced/cited and listed

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior of Community-Dwelling Persons.