Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

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Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

NURS 6630N APPROACHES TO TREATMENT  WEEK ONE  DISCUSSION INSTUCTIONS

This Discussion will allow you the opportunity to engage with your peers to explore the difference between ion channels and G proteins. You will be able to apply this understanding to a specific patient question. Additionally, please reply to your peers with additional information and sources to either support or challenge responses. Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

 

LEARNING RESOURCES:

  • Goldin, D. S. (2023). Fast facts for psychopharmacology for nurse practitioners. Springer Publishing.
    • Chapter 3, “The Brain and Nervous System” (pp. 28–37)
  • comLinks to an external site.. (2023). https://www.drugs.com/
    Please use this resource to check the most up-to-date box warnings, FDA approvals and indications, recommendations for follow-up evaluations, changes, etc.

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Media & Lecturio Resources

  • Introduction to LecturioLinks to an external site.(9:04)
  • Lecturio Student Tools (PDF)Links to an external site.

Review the following Video Resources and Content Pages in the Lecturio Platform by clicking button below labeled Load Week 1: Learning Resources in a new window. Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

  • Foundations of Neuroscience Videos:
    • Anatomy of the Brain(Nursing) (8:09 min)
    • Neuron(7:38 min) Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment
    • Overview of the Automatic Nervous System(ANS) (6:51 min)
    • Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) (4:19 min)
    • The Role of Biological Processes in Perceiving Emotion; Brain Regions and the Limbic System—Emotion(PSY, BIO) (9:37 min)
    • Brain Areas that Control Language and Speech—Language(PSY, BIO) (2:21 min)
    • Epigenetics—Complexity of RNA Structure(2:16 min)
    • Review:Epigenetic Regulation, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, and Cytogenetics(3:26 min)
    • Nerves and Neurotransmission(5:06 min)
    • G Protein Coupled Receptors(GPCRs) (6:01 min)
    • Ion Channels: Definition, Types, and Function(4:43 min)
    • Electrical Signals in Neurons: Ion Channels(Nursing) (2:56 min)

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To prepare:

  • Review the Required Learning Resources above
  • Consider the difference between ion channels and G proteins.

 

 

Post a response answering the following:

  • Explain the difference between ion channels and G proteins as they relate to signal transduction and targets of medications.
  • How would you answer the following patient question:
    • My grandmother has a mental illness. I have the same genes as her. Will I also get the same mental illness?

Note: Your response needs to be supported and validated by three (3) scholarly peer-reviewed resources located outside of your course Learning Resources. Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

Ion Channels and G Proteins

Ion channels and G proteins are two major classes of proteins responsible for membrane signaling (Duncan et al., 2020). They also act as drug targets and are located within the phospholipid lipid bi-layer membrane in various cells of the body. The ion channels are responsible for allowing ions to flow into and out of the cell. Therefore, they are responsible for electrical excitability within the nervous system and in other areas of the body (Duncan et al., 2020). In contrast, G proteins exist as seven transmembrane helix proteins that help to transduce extracellular stimuli into intracellular signals (Duncan et al., 2020). These proteins achieve this role by activating other downstream signaling partners, such as the ion channels. The G proteins regulate most of the body’s functions, and hence, the alteration in the G protein signal transduction pathway leads development of diseases, including rare genetic diseases (Calebiro et al., 2021). The vital role assumed by G proteins in the body explains why a third of all drugs currently on the market are directed against G protein-coupled receptors (Calebiro et al., 2021; Duncan et al., 2020). Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment Therefore, the main difference between ion channels and G proteins is the manner of activation of these transmembrane signaling molecules and the effects of their interaction with a ligand. The ion channels open or close on interaction with a ligand to allow influx or outflow of ions from the cell, while G proteins activate other effector molecules within the cell to turn extracellular stimuli into intracellular signals.

Regarding the patient’s question, I would respond by explaining to the patient that simply having the same genes as her grandmother does not necessarily mean that the patient will get the same mental illness. I will explain that genetics and environmental factors both play a crucial role in the development of mental illnesses (Hosak et al., 2023). Genetics helps to create susceptibility to a certain disease. However, it takes an interaction with adverse environmental factors such as childhood traumatic events to develop the mental illness that one is genetically susceptible (Hosak et al., 2023). Similarly, there is a need to assess, understand, and mitigate environmental factors to effectively treat and prevent mental illnesses (Hosak et al., 2023). Therefore, the patient’s biological, psychological, spiritual, and social environments are a better prognostic marker of her likelihood of developing the same mental disorder as her grandmother. Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment

 

References

Calebiro, D., Koszegi, Z., Lanoiselee, Y., Miljus, T., & O’Brien, S. (2021). G protein-coupled receptor-G protein interactions: a single-molecule perspective. Physiological Reviews, 101(3), 857–906. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00021.2020

Duncan, L. A., Song, W., & Sansom, P. S. M. (2020). Lipid-dependent regulation of ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors: Insights from structures and simulations. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 60, 31–50. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010919-023411

Hosak, L., Hosakova, K., Malekirad, M., Koncelikova, D. K., Zapletalova, J., & Latalova, K. (2023). Environmental factors in the etiology of mental disorders in the Czech Republic. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 19, 349-359. https://doi.org/10.2147%2FNDT.S379811

Explain the difference between ion channels and G proteins as they relate to signal transduction and targets of medications.
• How would you answer the following patient question:
o My grandmother has a mental illness. I have the same genes as her. Will I also get the same mental illness?
Note: Your response needs to be supported and validated by three (3) scholarly peer-reviewed resources located outside of your course Learning Resources. Ion Channels And G Proteins Assignment