Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

MSW Program Walden U Wk 1 Assignment

Selected Case Study

The selected case study is that of Jake. As a social worker, the two most important issues to address in this case include the issues of alcoholism and PTSD among the veterans. According to the case, Jake is facing multiple issues in his new life as a civilian and this has been forcing him to take alcohol and this has caused him to suffer from PTSD. The main issue Jake is facing is the dark memories of his time in the military in Iraq. The nightmares and the bad memories seem to deny him sleep and this is his reason for abusing alcohol every day and lacking interest in his children. This has got the wife worried and she is ready to stay apart from Jake if he does not change. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Interventions

The intervention for alcohol abuse Jake is pastoral narrative disclosure (PND) while the intervention for PTSD will be the use of web-based approaches. The pastoral narrative disclosure (PND) will offer the patient an important platform just like the counseling session to talk and speak out about all the issues causing him to engage in alcoholism (Ames et al., (2018). On the other hand, the web-based approaches will be tailored towards educating the patient about the causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of PTSD. This will help the patient in becoming more aware of the situations affecting them and the alternative treatment methods available to resolve the problems (Newberger et al., 2023). Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

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Characteristics of EBP

The interventions selected were evidence-based practices (EBP) because they were designed through well-established research interventions based on ethics, culture, clinical experiences, and client preferences. Through the use of evidence-based practices, the social worker is able to guide the client and inform them about care delivery, treatment, and other services (Grady et al., 2018). Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Summary

Newberger, N. G., Yeager, S., Livingston, N. A., Enggasser, J. L., Brief, D. J., Litwack, S., Helmuth, E., Roy, M., Rosenbloom, D., & Keane, T. M. (2023). Life satisfaction following treatment-related reductions in alcohol use and PTSD symptoms: Results from VetChange. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 15(8), 1299–1306. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001234 Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

The article delves into the hazardous alcohol consumption rates and their effects on PTSD patients among combat veterans. Through the articles, the authors reflect on the effects of adverse effects of alcohol use among veterans and the effects on quality of life. The participants in the study were 222 returning veterans who were involved in hazardous drinking. The investigation across this study was done for a period of six months to evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions. The results showed that there was an increased incidence of PTSD among returning veterans with a rate of 23%. It was found that veterans with drinking issues and at the same time suffering from PTSD were difficult to treat. One of the interventions provided included the web-based intervention that allows provisions of care to a wide range of individuals from both rural and urban settings. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Ames, D., Haynes, K., Adamson, S. F., Bruce, L. E., Chacko, B. K., Button, L., Fleming, W., Luoma, J., Price, R. A., Kopacz, M. S., Oliver, J. P., Daza, S. I., & Koenig, H. G. (2018). A structured chaplain intervention for Veterans with moral injury in the setting of PTSD. Durham, NC: Duke University Center for Spirituality, Theology and Health

The article explores the idea of moral injury and the interventions based on spirituality. Through the article, it is clear that chaplains have been traditionally included in the management and treatment of moral injury. For instance, it is believed that building spiritual strength is an important treatment of moral injury that involves the use of spiritual dimensions and one led by a chaplain. Also, there is the pastoral narrative disclosure (PND) that is led by a chaplain and is being tested for effectiveness and works similarly to adaptive disclosure therapy. According to the report in this study, it is clear that the interventions are capable of the quality of life for patients with moral injury and also those suffering from PTSD. The patient involved in this study was never given medications and were only treated using chaplain therapy. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Application

According to Ames et al., (2018), the use of pastoral narrative disclosure (PND) is the modern rehabilitation intervention that chaplains use in managing moral injury, trauma, and loss. Through this intervention, the patient is engaged holistically and through a narrative that makes individuals disclose important information about their problem. For instance, the case of Jake is crucial and this intervention will help him disclose his underlying cause of drinking and the exact situations in the military that he encountered and which have refused to go away. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

On the other hand, Newberger et al., (2023) believe that PTSD can be adequately managed using web-based interventions. This model of treatment is functional by enabling patients to access treatment without barriers. Web-based interventions in treating PTSD apply the cognitive therapy that helps individuals to make self-assessments, and connect with people who support them and their mental issues. The intervention is critical for patients like Jake who may find it hard to look for a social worker or psychologist. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

2024 Spring Quarter Term 1
SOCW – 6311-22(02/26/2024-05/12/2024)-PT27
Week 1: Assignment

ACCESSING INFORMATION ABOUT EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICES
As a student, you have learned to look to the professional and scholarly literature to better understand concepts, support your analyses, and apply reputable, research-based evidence to a problem. The same is true of practicing social workers. Although they may already have a theoretical orientation and a set of interventions with which they are familiar, current research allows them to remain abreast of new developments and evidence-based practices and interventions that might work for a particular client, family, or group. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
In this Assignment, you assume the role of a social worker assessing a client. In order to best treat that client, you must survey the research literature and analyze potential evidence-based interventions for treatment.
Required Readings
• Faulkner, M., & Parrish, D. (n.d.). Evidence-based practice is a processLinks to an external site.. Texas Institute for Child & Family Wellbeing. https://txicfw.socialwork.utexas.edu/evidence-based-practice-is-a-process/ Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
• Grady, M. D., Wike, T., Putzu, C., Field, S., Hill, J., Bledsoe, S. E., Bellamy, J., & Massey, M. (2018). Recent social work practitioners’ understanding and use of evidence-based practice and empirically supported treatmentsLinks to an external site.. Journal of Social Work Education, 54(1), 163–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/10437797.2017.1299063
• Walden University Library. (n.d.). Verify peer reviewLinks to an external site.. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library
In this interactive media piece, you explore several case studies for use in SOCW 6311. The different scenarios include individual clients (e.g., Tiffani Bradley, Jake Levy, and Paula Cortez) as well as depictions of research and evaluation studies occurring in social work agencies. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Jake Levy (31) and Sheri Levy (28) are a married Caucasian couple.

Jake and Sheri live with their sons, Myles (10) and Levi (8), in a 2-bedroom condominium in a middle-class neighborhood. Jake is an Iraq War veteran and employed as a Human Resources assistant for the military, and Sheri is a special education teacher in a local elementary school. Overall, Jake is physically fit, but an injury he sustained in combat sometimes limits his ability to use his left hand. Sheri is in good physical condition and has recently found out she is pregnant with their third child. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

As teenagers, Jake and Sheri used marijuana and drank. Neither uses marijuana now but they still drink. Sheri drinks socially and has one or two drinks over the weekend. Jake reports he has four to five drinks in the evenings during the week and eight to ten drinks on Saturdays and Sundays. Neither report having criminal histories.

Jake and Sheri identify as Jewish and attend a local synagogue on major holidays. Jake’s parents are deceased, and he has a sister who lives outside London. He and his sister are not very close but do talk twice a year. Sheri is an only child, and her mother lives in the area but offers little support. Her mother never approved of Sheri marrying Jake and thinks Sheri needs to deal with their problems on her own. The couple has some friends, but due to Jake’s recent behaviors, they have slowly isolated themselves. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Intake
The social worker’s first encounter with Jake was at an intake session at the Veterans Affairs Health Care Center (VA). During this meeting, Jake stated that he came to the VA for services because his wife had threatened to leave him if he did not get help. She was particularly concerned about his drinking and lack of involvement in his sons’ lives. She told him his drinking had gotten out of control and was making him mean and distant. Jake had seen Dr. Zoe, a psychiatrist at the VA, who diagnosed him with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Dr. Zoe prescribed Paxil to help reduce his symptoms of anxiety and depression and suggested that he also begin counseling. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Assessment
During the assessment, Jake said that since his return to civilian life 10 months ago he had experienced difficulty sleeping, heart palpitations, and moodiness. He told the social worker that he and his wife had been fighting a lot and that he drank to take the edge off and to help him sleep. Jake admitted to drinking heavily nearly every day. He reported that he was not engaged with his sons at all and he kept to himself when he was at home. He spent his evenings on the couch drinking beer and watching TV or playing video games. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

When we discussed Jake’s options for treatment, he expressed fear of losing his job and his family if he did not get help. Jake worked in an office with civilians and military personnel and mostly got along with people in the office. Jake tended to keep to himself and said he sometimes felt pressured to be more communicative and social. He was also very worried that Sheri would leave him. He said he had never seen her so angry before and saw she was at her limit with him and his behaviors. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Plan
Based on the information Jake provided about his diagnosis and family concerns, he and the social worker agreed that the best course of action would be for him to participate in weekly individual sessions and a weekly support group that was offered at the VA for Iraq veterans. The social worker then offered a referral for couples counseling at the local mental health agency. The social worker also printed out a list of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings in his area if he decided he wanted to attend in order to address his drinking. He would continue to follow up with Dr. Zoe on a monthly basis to monitor the effectiveness of his medications. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Sessions

During the following session, the social worker spent time explaining his diagnosis and the symptoms related to PTSD. Jake said that he did not really understand what PTSD was but thought it meant that a person was “going crazy,” which at times he thought was happening to him. He expressed concern that he would never feel “normal” again and said that when he drank alcohol, his symptoms and the intensity of his emotions eased. The social worker explained to Jake that PTSD is a severe anxiety disorder that develops after a person has experienced an event that results in psychological trauma. The event may involve the threat or perceived threat of death to oneself or to someone else. The social worker also explained that the disorder is characterized by re-experiencing the traumatic event, including the symptoms of increased arousal, and by the desire to avoid stimuli associated with the trauma. They discussed how Jake’s behaviors fit into this cycle of hyperarousal and avoidance, including his lack of sleep and irritability and the isolation and heavy drinking. He talked about always feeling “ready to go.” He said he was exhausted from being alert and looking for potential problems around him. He told me he always felt on edge, and every sound seemed to startle him. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
He shared that he often thinks about what happened “over there” but tries to push it out of his mind. It is the night that is the worst as he has terrible recurring nightmares of one particular event. He said he wakes up shaking and sweating most nights. He then said drinking was the one thing that seemed to give him a little relief. The social worker gave him a handout on PTSD and reviewed the signs and symptoms. Jake seemed relieved to receive the information. The social worker conveyed that naming the issue or concern was often helpful in the healing process. During the first few sessions, the goal was to help Jake feel safe and validate his feelings. As such, the social worker consistently assessed his feelings of safety, including any potential suicidal ideation. Jake was reluctant to attend AA at that time, so he and the social worker began monitoring his drinking and his behaviors after several drinks. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

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PDF Transcript

Jake Levy
SOCW 6311
Jake Levy (31) and Sheri Levy (28) are a married Caucasian couple who live with their
sons, Myles (10) and Levi (8), in a two-bedroom condominium in a middle-class
neighborhood. Jake is an Iraq War veteran and employed as a human resources
assistant for the military, and Sheri is a special education teacher in a local elementary
school. Overall, Jake is physically fit, but an injury he sustained in combat sometimes
limits his ability to use his left hand. Sheri is in good physical condition and has recently
found out that she is pregnant with their third child. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
As teenagers, Jake and Sheri used marijuana and drank. Neither uses marijuana now
but they still drink. Sheri drinks socially and has one or two drinks over the weekend.
Jake reports he has four to five drinks in the evenings during the week and eight to ten
drinks on Saturdays and Sundays. Neither report having criminal histories.
Jake and Sheri identify as Jewish and attend a local synagogue on major holidays.
Jake’s parents are deceased, and he has a sister who lives outside London. He and his
sister are not very close but do talk twice a year. Sheri is an only child, and her mother Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
lives in the area but offers little support. Her mother never approved of Sheri marrying
Jake and thinks Sheri needs to deal with their problems on her own. The couple has
some friends, but due to Jake’s recent behaviors, they have slowly isolated themselves.
Intake and Assessment
The social worker’s first encounter with Jake was at an intake session at the Veterans
Affairs Health Care Center (VA). During this meeting, Jake stated that he came to the
VA for services because his wife had threatened to leave him if he did not get help. She
was particularly concerned about his drinking and lack of involvement in his sons’ lives.
She told him his drinking had gotten out of control and was making him mean and
distant. Jake had seen Dr. Zoe, a psychiatrist at the VA, who diagnosed him with post-
traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Dr. Zoe prescribed Paxil to help reduce his symptoms
of anxiety and depression and suggested that he also begin counseling.
During the assessment, Jake said that since his return to civilian life 10 months ago he
had experienced difficulty sleeping, heart palpitations, and moodiness. He told the
social worker that he and his wife had been fighting a lot and that he drank to take the
edge off and to help him sleep. Jake admitted to drinking heavily nearly every day. He
reported that he was not engaged with his sons at all and he kept to himself when he
was at home. He spent his evenings on the couch drinking beer and watching TV or
playing video games. When Jake’s options for treatment were discussed, he expressed
fear of losing his job and his family if he did not get help. Jake worked in an office with
civilians and military personnel and mostly got along with people in the office. Jake
tended to keep to himself and said he sometimes felt pressured to be more communicative and social. He was also very worried that Sheri would leave him. He said he had never seen her so angry before and saw she was at her limit with him and his behaviors. Based on the information Jake provided about his diagnosis and family concerns, he and the social worker agreed that the best course of action would be for him to participate in weekly individual sessions and a weekly support group that was offered at the VA for Iraq veterans. The social worker then offered a referral for couples counseling at the local mental health agency.  Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay The social worker also printed out a list of
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings in his area if he decided he wanted to attend in order to address his drinking. He would continue to follow up with Dr. Zoe on a monthly basis to monitor the effectiveness of his medications.

Sessions
During the following session, the social worker spent time explaining his diagnosis and the symptoms related to PTSD. Jake said that he did not really understand what PTSD was but thought it meant that a person was “going crazy,” which at times he thought was happening to him. He expressed concern that he would never feel “normal” again and said that when he drank alcohol, his symptoms and the intensity of his emotions eased. The social worker explained to Jake that PTSD is a severe anxiety disorder that develops after a person has experienced an event that results in psychological trauma. The event may involve the threat or perceived threat of death to oneself or to someone else. The social worker also explained that the disorder is characterized by re-
experiencing the traumatic event, including the symptoms of increased arousal, and by the desire to avoid stimuli associated with the trauma. They discussed how Jake’s behaviors fit into this cycle of hyperarousal and avoidance, including his lack of sleep and irritability and the isolation and heavy drinking. He talked about always feeling “ready to go.” He said he was exhausted from being alert and looking for potential problems around him. He told me he always felt on edge, and every sound seemed to startle him. He shared that he often thinks about what happened “over there” but tries to push it out of his mind. It is the night that is the worst as he has terrible recurring nightmares of one
particular event. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay He said he wakes up shaking and sweating most nights. He then said drinking was the one thing that seemed to give him a little relief. The social worker gave him a handout on PTSD and reviewed the signs and symptoms. Jake seemed relieved to receive the information. The social worker conveyed that naming the issue or concern was often helpful in the healing process. During the first few sessions, the goal was to help Jake feel safe and validate his feelings. As such, the social worker consistently assessed his feelings of safety, including any potential suicidal ideation. Jake was reluctant to attend AA at that time, so he and the social worker began monitoring his drinking and his behaviors after several drinks. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

© 2022 Walden University, LLC. Adapted from Plummer, S. -B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014).
Sessions: Case histories. Laureate International Universities Publishing. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Lesson 4 of 5

Chi-Square
Molly, an administrator with a regional organization that advocates for alternatives to long-term prison sentences for nonviolent offenders, asked a team of researchers to conduct an outcome evaluation of a new vocational rehabilitation program for recently paroled prison inmates. The primary goal of the program is to promote full-time employment among its participants.
To evaluate the program, the evaluators decided to use a quasi-experimental research design. The program enrolled 30 individuals to participate in the new program. Additionally, there was a waiting list of 30 other participants who planned to enroll after the first group completed the program. After the first group of 30 participants completed the vocational program (the “intervention” group), the researchers compared those participants’ levels of employment with the 30 on the waiting list (the “comparison” group).
The research question for the study is: Is there a relationship between the independent variable, treatment, and the dependent variable, employment level? In other words, is there a difference in the number of participants who are not employed, employed part-time, and employed full-time in the program and the control group (i.e., waitlist group)? Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
Data Collection and Analysis
In order to collect data on employment levels, the probation officers for each of the 60 people in the sample (those in both the intervention and comparison groups) completed a short survey on the status of each client in the sample. The survey contained demographic questions that included an item that inquired about the employment level of the client. This was measured through variables identified as none, part-time, or full-time. A hard copy of the survey was mailed to each probation officer and a stamped, self-addressed envelope was provided for return of the survey to the researchers.
After the surveys were returned, the researchers entered the data into an SPSS program for statistical analysis. Because both the independent variable (participation in the vocational rehabilitation program) and dependent variable (employment outcome) used nominal/categorical measurement, the bivariate statistic selected to compare the outcome of the two groups was the Pearson chi-square. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
The chi-square test for independence is used to determine whether there is a relationship between the two variables that are categorical in the level of measurement. In this case, the variables are: employment level and treatment condition. It tests whether there is a difference between groups.
The hypotheses are:
• bullet
H0 (The null hypothesis): There is no difference in the proportions of individuals in the three employment categories between the treatment group and the waitlist group. In other words, the frequency distribution for variable 2 (employment) has the same proportions for both categories of variable 1 (program participation).
Note: It is the null hypothesis that is actually tested by the statistic. A chi-square statistic that is found to be statistically significant (p < .05) indicates that we can reject the null hypothesis (understanding that there is less than a 5% chance that the relationship between the variables is due to chance). Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
• bullet
H1 (The alternative hypothesis): There is a difference in the proportions of individuals in the three employment categories between the treatment group and the waitlist group.
Note: The alternative hypothesis states that there is a difference. It would allow us to say that it appears that the treatment (vocational rehab program) is effective in increasing the employment status of participants.
Results
After all of the information was entered into the SPSS program, the following output charts were generated:
Table 1. Case Processing Summary
Cases
Valid Missing Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
Program Participation *Employment 59 98.3% 1 1.7% 60 100.0%
The first table, titled “Case Processing Summary,” provided the sample size (N = 59). Information for one of the 60 participants was not available, while the information was collected for all of the other 59 participants.
Table 2. Program Participation *Employment Cross Tabulation
Employment

Total
None Part-Time Full-Time
Program Participation Intervention Group Count % within Program Participation 5
16.7% 7
23.3% 18 Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
60.0% 30
100.0%
Comparison Group Count % within Program Participation 16
55.2% 7
24.1% 6
20.7% 29
100.0%
Total Count % within Program Participation 21
35.6% 14
23.7% 24
40.7% 59
100.0%
The second table, “Program Participation Employment Cross Tabulation,” provided the frequency table, which showed that among participants in the intervention group, 18 or 60% were found to be employed full time, while 7 or 23% were found to be employed part time, and 5 or 17% were unemployed. The corresponding numbers for the comparison group (parolees who had not yet enrolled in the program but were on the waiting list for admission) showed that only 6 or 21% were employed full-time, while 7 or 24% were employed part time, and 16 or 55% were unemployed. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
Table 3. Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 11.748a 2 .003
Likelihood Ratio 12.321 2 .002
Linear-by-Linear Association 11.548 1 .001
N of Valid Cases 59
a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.88.
The third table, which provided the outcome of the Pearson chi-square test, found that the difference between the intervention and comparison groups were highly significant, with a p value of .003, which is significantly beyond the usual alpha-level of .05 that most researchers use to establish significance. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
Discussion
These results indicate that the vocational rehabilitation intervention program may be effective at promoting full-time employment among recently paroled inmates. However, there are multiple limitations to this study, including that 1) no random assignment was used, and 2) it is possible that differences between the groups were due to preexisting differences among the participants (such as selection bias).
Potential future studies could include a matched comparison group or, if possible, a control group. In addition, future studies should assess not only whether or not a recently paroled individual obtains employment but also the degree to which he or she is able to maintain employment, earn a living wage, and satisfy other conditions of probation.

Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Chi Square PDF
1
© 2022 Walden University, LLC. Adapted from Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Laureate International Universities Publishing.
Chi-Square Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

SOCW 6311
Molly, an administrator with a regional organization that advocates for alternatives to long-term prison sentences for nonviolent offenders, asked a team of researchers to conduct an outcome evaluation of a new vocational rehabilitation program for recently paroled prison inmates. The primary goal of the program is to promote full-time employment among its participants.
To evaluate the program, the evaluators decided to use a quasi-experimental research design. The program enrolled 30 individuals to participate in the new program. Additionally, there was a waiting list of 30 other participants who planned to enroll after the first group completed the program. After the first group of 30 participants completed the vocational program (the “intervention” group), the researchers compared those participants’ levels of employment with the 30 on the waiting list (the “comparison” group).
The research question for the study is: Is there a relationship between the independent variable, treatment, and the dependent variable, employment level? In other words, is there a difference in the number of participants who are not employed, employed part-time, and employed full-time in the program and the control group (i.e., waitlist group)? Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

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Data Collection and Analysis
In order to collect data on employment levels, the probation officers for each of the 60 people in the sample (those in both the intervention and comparison groups) completed a short survey on the status of each client in the sample. The survey contained demographic questions that included an item that inquired about the employment level of the client. This was measured through variables identified as none, part-time, or full-time. A hard copy of the survey was mailed to each probation officer and a stamped, self-addressed envelope was provided for return of the survey to the researchers.
After the surveys were returned, the researchers entered the data into an SPSS program for statistical analysis. Because both the independent variable (participation in the vocational rehabilitation program) and dependent variable (employment outcome) used nominal/categorical measurement, the bivariate statistic selected to compare the
outcome of the two groups was the Pearson chi-square. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
The chi-square test for independence is used to determine whether there is a relationship between the two variables that are categorical in the level of measurement.
In this case, the variables are: employment level and treatment condition. It tests whether there is a difference between groups.
The hypotheses are:
H0 (The null hypothesis): There is no difference in the proportions of individuals in the three employment categories between the treatment group and the waitlist group. In 2 Social work case studies: Concentration year. Laureate International Universities Publishing.
other words, the frequency distribution for variable 2 (employment) has the same proportions for both categories of variable 1 (program participation). Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
• Note: It is the null hypothesis that is actually tested by the statistic. A chi-square statistic that is found to be statistically significant (p < .05) indicates that we can reject the null hypothesis (understanding that there is less than a 5% chance that the relationship between the variables is due to chance).
H1 (The alternative hypothesis): There is a difference in the proportions of individuals in the three employment categories between the treatment group and the waitlist group.
• Note: The alternative hypothesis states that there is a difference. It would allow us to say that it appears that the treatment (vocational rehab program) is effective in increasing the employment status of participants.
Results Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
After all of the information was entered into the SPSS program, the following output charts were generated:
Table 1. Case Processing Summary
Cases
Valid Missing Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent
Program
Participation
*Employment
59 98.3% 1 1.7% 60 100.0%
The first table, titled “Case Processing Summary,” provided the sample size (N = 59).
Information for one of the 60 participants was not available, while the information was collected for all of the other 59 participants.
Table 2. Program Participation Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
*Employment Cross Tabulation
Employment
Total
None Part-Time Full-Time Program Participation
Intervention Group Count % within Program Participation
5
16.7%
7
23.3%
18
60.0%
30
100.0%
Comparison Group Count % within Program Participation
16
55.2%
7
24.1%
6
20.7%
29
100.0%
Total Count % within Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
21
35.6%
14
23.7%
24
40.7%
59
100.0%
3
Program Participation
The second table, “Program Participation Employment Cross Tabulation,” provided the frequency table, which showed that among participants in the intervention group, 18 or 60% were found to be employed full time, while 7 or 23% were found to be employed part time, and 5 or 17% were unemployed. The corresponding numbers for the
comparison group (parolees who had not yet enrolled in the program but were on the waiting list for admission) showed that only 6 or 21% were employed full-time, while 7  or 24% were employed part time, and 16 or 55% were unemployed. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Table 3. Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 11.748a 2 .003
Likelihood Ratio 12.321 2 .002
Linear-by-Linear Association
11.548 1 .001
N of Valid Cases 59 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.88.
The third table, which provided the outcome of the Pearson chi-square test, found that the difference between the intervention and comparison groups were highly significant, with a p value of .003, which is significantly beyond the usual alpha-level of .05 that most researchers use to establish significance. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Discussion
These results indicate that the vocational rehabilitation intervention program may be effective at promoting full-time employment among recently paroled inmates. However, there are multiple limitations to this study, including that 1) no random assignment was used, and 2) it is possible that differences between the groups were due to preexisting differences among the participants (such as selection bias). Potential future studies could include a matched comparison group or, if possible, a control group. In addition, future studies should assess not only whether or not a recently paroled individual obtains employment but also the degree to which he or she is able to maintain employment, earn a living wage, and satisfy other conditions of probation.

© 2022 Walden University, LLC. Adapted from Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Laureate International Universities Publishing. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Lesson 5 of 5
Planning a Program Evaluation
Joan is a social worker who is currently enrolled in a social work PhD program. She is planning to conduct her dissertation research project with a large nonprofit child welfare organization where she has worked as a site coordinator for many years. She has already approached the agency director with her interest, and the leadership team of the agency stated that they would like to collaborate on the research project.

The child welfare organization at the center of the planned study has seven regional centers that operate fairly independently. The primary focus of work is on foster care; that is, recruiting and training foster parents and running a regular foster care program with an emphasis on family foster care. The agency has a residential program as well, but it will not participate in the study. Each of the regional centers services about 45–50 foster parents and approximately 100 foster children. On average, five to six new foster families are recruited at each center on a quarterly basis. This number has been consistent over the past 2 years. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
Recently it was decided that a new training program for incoming foster parents would be used by the organization. The primary goals of this new training program include reducing foster placement disruptions, improving the quality of services delivered, and increasing child well-being through better trained and skilled foster families. Each of the regional centers will participate and implement the new training program. Three of the sites will start the program immediately, while the other four centers will not start until 12 months from now. The new training program consists of six separate 3-hour training sessions that are typically conducted in a biweekly format. It is a fairly proceduralized training program; that is, a very detailed set of manuals and training materials exists. All trainings will be conducted by the same two instructors. The current training program that it will replace differs considerably in its focus, but it also uses a 6-week, 3-hour format. It will be used by those sites not immediately participating until the new program is implemented. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Joan has done a thorough review of the foster care literature and has found that there has been no research on the training program to date, even though it is being used by a growing number of agencies. She also found that there are some standardized instruments that she could use for her study. In addition, she would need to create a set of Likert-type scales for the study. She will be able to use a group design because all seven regional centers are interested in participating, and they are starting the training at different times.

© 2022 Walden University, LLC. Adapted from Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Concentration year. Laureate International Universities Publishing.
Planning a Program Evaluation
SOCW 6311
Joan is a social worker who is currently enrolled in a social work PhD program. She is planning to conduct her dissertation research project with a large nonprofit child welfare organization where she has worked as a site coordinator for many years. She has already approached the agency director with her interest, and the leadership team of the agency stated that they would like to collaborate on the research project.
The child welfare organization at the center of the planned study has seven regional centers that operate fairly independently. The primary focus of work is on foster care; that is, recruiting and training foster parents and running a regular foster care program with an emphasis on family foster care. The agency has a residential program as well, but it will not participate in the study. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay Each of the regional center’s services about 45–50 foster parents and approximately 100 foster children. On average, five to six new foster families are recruited at each center on a quarterly basis. This number has been consistent over the past 2 years.
Recently it was decided that a new training program for incoming foster parents would be used by the organization. The primary goals of this new training program include reducing foster placement disruptions, improving the quality of services delivered, and increasing child well-being through better trained and skilled foster families. Each of the regional centers will participate and implement the new training program. Three of the sites will start the program immediately, while the other four centers will not start until 12 months from now. The new training program consists of six separate 3-hour training sessions that are typically conducted in a biweekly format. It is a fairly proceduralized training program; that is, a very detailed set of manuals and training materials exists. All trainings will be conducted by the same two instructors. The current training program that it will replace differs considerably in its focus, but it also uses a 6-week, 3-hour format. It will be used by those sites not immediately participating until the new program is implemented.
Joan has done a thorough review of the foster care literature and has found that there has been no research on the training program to date, even though it is being used by a growing number of agencies. She also found that there are some standardized instruments that she could use for her study. In addition, she would need to create a set of Likert-type scales for the study. She will be able to use a group design because all seven regional centers are interested in participating, and they are starting the training at different times.
TO PREPARE
• Access the Social Work Case Studies media and navigate to Tiffani, Jake, and Paula. Choose one on which to focus your Assignment. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay
• As you reflect on your chosen case, identify two issues that you would want to address as the social worker.
• Research in the Walden Library for evidence-based practices that could be used to treat each issue. Ensure that you are searching for peer-reviewed scholarly research articles describing these practices.
BY DAY 7
Submit a 2- to 3-page paper in which you approach your chosen case as a social worker:
• Describe two issues in your chosen case that would be important for intervention.
• Identify one evidence-based intervention for each issue (from peer-reviewed journals). How do you know these interventions are “evidence-based”? Refer to the main characteristics of evidence-based practice (EBP) in your explanation.
• Summarize the main information about the interventions from each journal article—research design, sample, sample size, and findings/outcomes in a 1-paragraph annotation.
• Evaluate the interventions and their suitability to the case.
Use the Learning Resources and peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles to support your paper. Make sure to include appropriate APA citations and a reference list. Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay

Articles found for this assignment by student.

Treatment of Moral Injury in U.S. Veterans with PTSD Using a Structured Chaplain Intervention

Ames, D., Erickson, Z., Geise, C. et al. Treatment of Moral Injury in U.S. Veterans with PTSD Using a Structured Chaplain Intervention. J Relig Health 60, 3052–3060(2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01312-8
Life Satisfaction Following Treatment-Related. Reductions in Alcohol Use and PTSD Symptoms: Results from VetChange Intervention for Veterans With Moral Injury in The Setting of PTSD Essay