Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

In this assignment, you will be writing a 1,000-1,250 word paper describing the differing approaches of nursing leaders and managers to issues in practice. To complete this assignment, do the following:
1. Selected issue: nurse turnover.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

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2. Describe the selected issue. Discuss how it impacts quality of care and patient safety in the setting in which it occurs.
3. Discuss how professional standards of practice should be demonstrated in this situation to help rectify the issue or maintain professional conduct.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.
4. Explain the differing roles of nursing leaders and nursing managers in this instance and discuss the different approaches they take to address the selected issue and promote patient safety and quality care. Support your rationale by using the theories, principles, skills, and roles of the leader versus manager described in your readings.
5. Discuss what additional aspects managers and leaders would need to initiate in order to ensure professionalism throughout diverse health care settings while addressing the selected issue.
6. Describe a leadership style that would best address the chosen issue. Explain why this style could be successful in this setting.
Use at least three peer-reviewed journal articles other than those presented in your text or provided in the course.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management

The healthcare sector experiences a myriad of challenges affecting quality and delivery of nursing services. Nursing staff turnover is one of the challenges nursing leaders and managers have to contend with. Striking a balance between retaining the existing nurses and employing new clinical nurses has been an issue in many health care institutions. Empirically, there is an increase in labor turnover of nurses resulting to staffing shortages. Staffing levels in healthcare institutions are determined by the labour market and budgetary constraints. Administrative practices determine the nurses’remuneration, working conditions, nature of supervision, and career progression.These practices also determine the rate of nurse turnover. For instance, the productivity of a nurse may be reduced due to oppressive leadership, lack of essential working tools and long working hours. Poor remuneration that is not congruent with a nurse’s skills and workload may lead to dissatisfaction and curtail resourcefulness at work. If a nurse stays in the same job group for long, or organizational policies do not promote training, development and career growth, de-motivation may set in and eventually high staff turnover. This paper seeks to discuss the issue of nurse turnover, role of managers, maintaining professional standards and patients’ safety in the light of staff shortage.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Gillet et.al (2018)asserts that nursing staffing is a critical health policy issue in healthcare institutions that has an impact on safety and patient outcomes. The quality of nursing care involves assessment of patients to administer interventions resulting in optimization of patient outcome; safe care to identify deterioration in patients; and accurate administration of medication. Quality of nursing care provided by nurses depends on organizational culture, staffing levels, support services and personal characteristics such as skills, job knowledge, attitude, and experience. In addition, human factors such as lethargy, poor memory and distractibilityalso determine the quality of nursing care offered. The same nurse may offer services that differ in quality to patients with related medical needs due to variations in working conditions, number of staff, and leadership provided. According to Antwi and Bowblis (2018)nurse turnover has a negative effect on the quality and continuity of care offered to patients since nurses are often the primary caregivers in hospitals and are more in contact with patients compared to other medical professionals.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Nurse turnover disrupts services offered in hospital and staffing processes. The quality of care reduces with high staff turnover because the existing workforce is unable to effectively meet the needs of the patients. Even when new staff are employed, it takes time to induct and orient them to the expected healthcare standards. In addition, the quality of care may be less that optimal due to miscommunication between new nurses and other professionals as they try to fit into organizational culture. Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.Moreover, nurse turnover leads to loss of tactical knowledge acquired by nurses over the years and caused an imbalances composition between new and existing staff. These staffing problems result in difficulty in planning work schedules, increase in working hours and workload, as well as reduced attention to patient needs (Gillet et al., 2018). Once the workload increases, fatigue and low morale sets in among the existing nurses which lead to compromised quality of nursing care. In addition, the remaining nurses may be reluctant to take up the increased work loador teach the new nurses which impacts on service delivery to patients.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Nurse turnover also has a negative impact on the patients.  Antwi and Bowblis (2018)opined that frequent nurse replacements makes patients perceive the new nurses as less competent which in turn results to dissatisfaction and increase in complains on the quality of nursing care.The negative impact in quality of nursing care may result to an increase in mortality due to compromised quality of nursing care. Nurse turnover lowers the effectiveness of nursing care because newly employed nurse are not familiar with standard operating procedures while the existing staff may disregard the health protocols due to increased workload. Several empirical studies have shown that the relationship between nursing turnover and quality of health care is statistically significant. According to Gilet et al (2018), high nurse turnover increases operational costs in healthcare institutions, lowers the quality of care rendered and negatively affect health outcomes.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

In the light of high nurse turnover and staff shortage, the nursing leaders and managers have a duty of ensuring professional standards of practice and conduct are demonstrated and maintained. The third standard according to the Standards of Professional Nursing Practice, nurse has a responsibility of ascertaining the expected health outcomes and individualized plan for each patient (American Nurses Association, 2015). This implies that each registered nurse should have a care plan for each patient and work towards its implementation with other team members. To ensure the expected patient outcomes are achieved, a registered nurse can take the role of leading the other team members and provide guidance to them. The registered nurse can take the administrative role of managing a unit as well as clinical leader while delegating other duties to the other team members who may include enrolled nurses, nursing assistants, and cleaners.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

When there is staffing shortages, the nurse leader may experience challenges in maintaining professional standards. This can be solved by practically delegating the workload to the available team members such that some team members are not overwhelmed by duties while others have little to do. The nurse leader can assign tasks that do not require direct supervision to other registered nurses. While assigning the tasks, the nurse leader should ensure that all care plans are prepared and individualized patient outcomes are accomplished as a way of maintaining professional nursing standards. Lesser tasks can be assigned to enrolled nurses while putting into consideration the level of supervision required and individual skills. Nursing assistants can be assigned duties that involve life skills to ensure patients are well fed and clean. Therefore, delegation of duties will ensure that professional conduct and professional standards are maintained amidst high staff shortages.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

In healthcare settings, the nursing managers and nursing leaders have a critical role in addressing the challenges caused by nursing shortage due to high labor turnover. Patients’ safety is one of the highest priorities of healthcare institutions and nursing managers and leaders have differing roles in maintain it.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.  Nurse managers ensure that their unit operating optimally by setting objectives, planning for patient care, quality enhancement and staff growth and training. They come up with ways of managing the nurse shortage while maintaining good quality of care and safety of patients (Sfantou et al., 2017). The nurse manager should come up with ways of rewarding the remaining staff for carrying out additional duties due to staff shortages.On the other hand a nurse leader ensures policies are set, quality measures are upheld and adherence to regulatory compliance. In addition, a nurse leader guides the team to fulfil organizational goals, spearheads transformation ensures fiscal responsibilities are met and the organizational culture and standards are upheld by all staff.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Different nurse managers and nurse leaders will adopt differing approaches to address nurse turnover while promoting patient safety and quality of services rendered. Some managers will adopt dictatorial leadership style to get work done. This means staff will be forcefully allocated extra duties without consulting with them. Staff will take up the assigned roles and try to bear with pressure of work due to fear of reprisal. This approach is counterproductive in the long run since when the remaining staffcannot bear more pressure, they will leave leading to severe shortage(Lavoie‐Tremblay, Fernet, Lavigne, & Austin, 2016). Other managers will adopt participatory style which is more consultative, engages all staff in decision making and promotes teamwork. The manager will take up tasks alongside other staff hence reducing the workload. Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.Other nurse leaders will adopt a transformative leadership style in which they communicate effectively to their staff members, empower, appreciate and encourage them to become innovative (Sfantou et al., 2017). The leader will become a role model, work alongside staff, and provide a conducive work environment despite work pressure. This ensures staff deliver best results and feel appreciated hence patients outcome are achieved.  The nurse managers apply the theories of leadership and principles of management to remain accountable for all the work while delegating other duties to team members.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.

Nurse managers and leaders provide guidance and leadership during the nurse shortage crisis. Other additional measures that a nurse leader can take to ensure maintenance of professionalism, ethics and patient safety include having a team with the right skills needed for tasks execution. Staff should be motivated and allowed to take time off duty to prevent work related burn out which negatively impacts on quality of care and health outcomes for patients and nurses. A nurse leader should ensure staff are remunerated for the additional duties they undertake in the light if staff shortage to motivate them. Among the three leadership styles discussed, transformative leadership would be the best in addressing challenges that emanate from nurse turnover.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.  The leadership style promotes a good working environment, good working relations, creativity, innovativeness and a motivated workforce (Lavoie‐Tremblay et al., 2016). It is necessary for nurse managers and leaders to have a succession plan in place in order to replicate the transformative leadership style even when there are changes in management. High staff turnover in the health care sector has far reaching effects on patient safety and quality of nursing care which can be managed through application of transformative leadership style.Effective Approaches in Leadership and Management.